My First Dance Performance :: essays research papers

Dancing has been a passion with me for a long time. My mother tells me how any melody had me dancing when I was a toddler. On growing up I tried learning some serious dancing and after trying both Bharat Natyam and Kathak, I decided to pursue Kathak seriously. So, I have been learning Kathak for more than a year now. My Guruji teaches me twice a week about the steps, taals and abhinaya of Kathak. My passion for Kathak has grown since I started learning it. After my sessions I spend time rehearsing the steps and mudras and also love to watch performances on stage ant TV. I have been longing for an opportunity to perform onstage before a live audience. I did not have to wait long for an opportunity to dance on stage because the teachers decided to put up a Kathak group dance for the Class Five’s form evening. Preparing for the final evening was as much fun as the event itself. We were a group of eighteen girls. Some, like I, had some background in Kathak while others were dancing in this style for the first time. The teachers worked hard with us over a period of twenty days. They encouraged the team and were patient with us as we fumbled with the steps. It was hard work as the steps of the dance were changed few times till we got the steps all the eighteen girls were comfortable with. We did not grudge the effort and looked forward to performing before the parents. While the steps of dancers and the co-ordination amongst the team was being repeatedly rehearsed, the teachers decided upon the dresses, jewellery and makeup of the dancers. I thoroughly enjoyed every moment of the preparation to the big event. Finally, the day of the form evening arrived. The parents in the audience were in for an impressive display. Ours was the third item. The girls trooped in eager to give their best and to make the class look good. We all danced to the music, perfect and well co-ordinated in our steps. I was right in the centre and was one of the two dancers in the front.

Women in World War II

Women served an important role in WWII. They not only took the challenge and stepped up to take the places of the men off fighting in the war to work in factories, but they also fought side by side with those risking their lives and fighting for their country. They were needed everywhere during the war. There were an unbelievable amount of job opportunities for women during the war and many supported the brave acts of voluntary enlistment. â€Å"‘A woman’s place is in the home’ was an old adage, but it still held true at the start of World War II. Even though millions of women worked, home and family we considered the focus of their lives† says Brenda Ralf Lewis. Without the help of those women who were brave enough to step, the war may have not ended as successfully as is did. Women’s jobs were very important in WWII. Women participated a great deal on the home front war effort. While the men in their lives were off fighting in the war, women were working in factories fulfilling the men’s jobs producing ammunition, tanks, and other weapons urgently needed during the war. According to Buzzle. com, â€Å"Women took over places initially meant for men and excelled in the same as well. If women weren’t in factories they were at home providing for their families. Supplies were rationed because of the shortages caused by lack of trade from other countries that were at war as well, such as Japan and Southeast Asia. Families were given booklets for each member which determining the amount received. Utilities such as toaster and waffle irons; flashlights and batteries; tea; toys and games; vacuum cleaners and vending machines were no longer manufactured because the materials were more of a priority for scrap metal to build the necessities for war. Use it up/ Wear it out/ Make it do/ or do without† became a well-known saying around the United States during the war according to Dot Chastney. During the war women were expected to step up in the places of the men. Some were brave enough to go out into the field while others didn’t have much of a choice but to work in factories in order to stay closer to home with their families. The war had an impact not only on the fighters and workers, but on the children as well. They were deprived of the education they deserved because funding started to go to the war efforts. Having to deal with the war caused people all around to make decisions that were best for everyone around rather than a specific group of people. One good thing that came out of the war was the extraordinary opportunities offered to women. Not only did it show that women can work as well as men did in those working conditions, it widened women’s work options, and let them contribute what they had to offer to the war. While men were at war, jobs were needed to be filled. War was heating up and according to Brenda Ralf Lewis. It was not entirely unexpected and anticipating the event was different from experiencing it first hand, which caused upheaval as m millions geared up to cope with its demands. † Jobs were a huge demand at this point and who else to fill the jobs? That’s right. The countries very own women. Women were granted with extraordinary opportunities. â€Å"Women learned new skills as they replaced men in war work, using expertise and physical strength many never knew they possessed. This did not always go down well with men still working in the wartime factories†, acknowledges Brenda Ralf Lewis. Being able to work in factories, women learned techniques they never knew they had and if it hadn’t been for the war, they probably never would have ever experienced it. Opportunities for women consisted of Army nurses, Navy nurses, Women Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC), Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES), women Marines, the Coast Guard preserve, jet pilots, and so many other amazing opportunities. There were not only needed for fighting on the front, but for factory jobs as well. Women quickly learned to work with the machines and build the necessary weapons that were in high demand during the war. Rosie the Riveter was a metaphoric figure used to represent the strength, dirty jobs, and work women provided for the war effort. Penny Colman states â€Å"Rosie the Riveter was supposedly based on Rose Bonavita, a riveter in the United States. † During the war more than six million women joined the workforce. In August of 1943 Newsweek Magazine reported: â€Å"They [women] are in the shipyards, lumber mills, steel mills, foundries. They are welders, electricians, mechanics, and even boiler makers. They operate street cars, buses, cranes, and tractors. Women engineers are working in the drafting rooms and women physicists and chemists in the great industrial laboratories. † Ever since then women proved that they can work in a man’s workplace and do just as well. Any job that was a man’s, was a women’s as well. Women were soon â€Å"the most needed workers of all† according to Brenda Ralf Lewis. Factory workers became known as â€Å"the soldiers without guns†. If women hadn’t stepped up to the line, winning the war wouldn’t have been as easy as it was for us. Not only did the women in factories and shipyards have a big part in doing their part in the war contributions, but so did the women who were out on the field fighting alongside with their men risking their very life. Women working and fighting on the line of protection had the toughest jobs. â€Å"Those working on the front line lived in constant danger as they worked to preserve life while everything happening around them was designed to destroy it† says Brenda Ralf Lewis. In the beginning women were discriminated and were doubted when doing the jobs on the front line. Thousands of women joined the women’s uniformed services in World War II. There was, inevitably, resistance to the idea of women in uniform, but their contribution was vital† reports Brenda Ralf Lewis. Not long after joining the armed forces they were able to prove the doubters otherwise. The Allied armed services drew thousands of women into military life, from all over the world. The United Stat es and Britain accounted for most employing women in all three armed forces and, in the case of the United States, in the Coast Guard and Marines as well. There were many different military branches women were able to join at that time. Some included Women’s Arm Auxiliary Corps (WAAC), Women’s Army Corps (WAC); Women’s Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFS) was incorporated with the Women’s Air Force Service Pilots (WASP) as well. Other countries such as Britain, Canada, Australia, South Africa, India, New Zealand, Burma, France, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and the Soviet Union all offered forces dedicated to women and the services they offered. Many questioned the fact if women should be allowed to serve at all. Women in the military had image problems. They were seen as femme’s fatales; their role was trivialized or they were dubbed ‘unfeminine’ for deserting their proper place, home. Not only did they prove them wrong by going out into the field and fighting on the front, but they also put their feminine qualities to work. Women became great undercover spies. According to Simone Payment, â€Å"Spies have been used in times of war and peace since the beginning of civilization and women have long been involved in these espionage pursuits. In the United States, female spies participate in both the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. But it wasn’t until World War II that they became an official-and incredibly important-part of the war effort. Many female spies made a difference in World War II, often at a great personal cost†. Many never questioned the thought of a dainty and delicate woman to be able to posses such power. Women were able to go undercover easily by just being themselves and going along with their daily lives. Women took the risks of being captured and tortured if they were ever discovered. Some women that contributed their lives to the ware are: Tatiana Nikolaevna Baramzina who was born on December 12, 1919 in Glazov and was also the recipient of the Gold Star Award. In 1943, Tatiana was sent to the Central Women's Sniper Training School and upon her graduation in April, she was later sent to the 3rd Belorussian Front. She managed to kill around 16 enemies in the first three months itself. Unfortunately, she was captured by the enemies and tortured before she was shot point blank. Tatiana Nikolaevna Baramzina passed away on July 5, 1944. Today, the street where she grew up has been re-named in her memory. Another woman that dedicated her life to the war was named Hannah Szenes who was born on 17th July, 1921 and was trained to parachute by the British army into Yugoslavia during World War II. This task was given in order to save the Jews of Hungary. Her secret mission was not revealed even when she was tortured following her arrest at the Hungarian border. Hannah Szenes had to brave immense tortures, yet she did not lose heart. She bravely battled it out and tried to sing to keep her spirits high. She also kept a record of events in her diary till November 7, 1944, when she was finally executed by a firing squad. During the war, the efforts of many women had gone by unnoticed. Overall women had and enormous impact on the war with their contributions and dedication to help provide, step up and win the war. Without the help of the women, we might have never won. Every woman had an important role and they did it with great honor. To this day, women are in all different branches of the military.

Sub Saharan Africa Food Insecurity Environmental Sciences Essay

An Integrated Assessment and Policy Needs Identification Abstract The survey aims to supply in-depth analysis of nutrient security in SSA in a changing clime, by incorporating socio-economic factors into scenario analysis. Furthermore, particular accent will be placed on the regional security issues. The first aim is of the research is to measure the impact of clime alteration on nutrient security, while the 2nd purpose is to place the key policy needs that should be considered in version schemes. Climate alteration scenarios will be simulated utilizing HadCM3 theoretical account. Two scenarios will be examined: â€Å" worst instance † ( 1 % CO2 addition per annum ) and â€Å" best instance ‘ ( 0.5 % CO2 addition per annum ) . The projections of agricultural productiveness will be assessed with IMAGE or AEZ theoretical accounts. Once the land-use and harvest simulation theoretical accounts are run, the estimated alteration of crop-yields will be fed into IMPACT and BLS theoretical accounts in order to measure the impact of clime alteration on nutrient security and hazard of hungriness. The interaction between the two theoretical accounts will capture the cross-cutting drivers for nutrient insecurity in the part. As a concluding measure, the survey will supply socio-economic and political tendencies analysis with chief methods: literature reappraisal, informations aggregation and analysis, arrested development analysis. The overall result of the survey will be designation of the policy needs that rise consciousness, with pertinence in explicating version schemes. Keywords: agribusiness, clime alteration, estimable general equilibrium, nutrient security, integrated appraisal, malnutrition, partial equilibrium, hazard of hungriness, sub-Saharan Africa.1. Introduction The impact of clime alteration on nutrient security is important for developing states. Sub-Saharan Africa ( SSA ) is one of the most vulnerable parts in the universe, due to the high de grees of nutrient insecurity as a consequence of socio-economic, political and environmental force per unit areas. Harmonizing to FAO/ WFP 2010 study 1 SSA is on the 2nd topographic point ( after Asia ) in the universe in footings of figure of ill-fed people ( 239 million people ) . However, on the first topographic point in footings of per centum undernourished of the entire population ( 30 % ill-fed ) . Recent projections for future clime alteration in SSA dismay that the land with suitableness for harvest cultivation will worsen and the land with wet emphasis will increase ( e.g. Fischer, 2005 ; FAO, 2009 ) . At the same clip, the part is characterized with agriculture-driven economic system, whereas the low GDP and weak institutional constructions are barriers for technological development of the agricultural sector. 2. Problem Statement and Aim of the Study Recently, research workers have produced a figure of of import surveies analyzing the impact of clime alteration on harvests productiveness ( e.g. Betts, 2005 ; Challinor 2009 ) and agricultural sector ( e.g. Parry, 2004 ; Fischer, 2005 ) . Those documents present assorted patterning models for regional and planetary appraisal of the impact of clime alteration on agribusiness and the hazard of hungriness. Furthermore, several surveies examine SSA regional scenarios for future tendencies of nutrient demand ( based on the future population and income projections ) , nutrient supply ( based on agricultural productiveness and trade ) , land usage displacements and future clime conditions ( e.g. AIACC, 2006 ; Challinor, 2011 ) . However, most surveies capture chiefly harvest production ( agricultural sector ) and pay small attending to the whole nutr ient system, i.e. nutrient handiness, nutrient entree and nutrient use ( Ingram, 2005 ) . Therefore, in order to supply overall policy deductions for accomplishing nutrient security in a changing clime, we should see the drivers for nutrient insecurity in SSA, such as poorness, deficiency of instruction, hapless market entree, unemployment, failures in belongings rights ( Scholes and Biggs, 2004 ; Ingram, 2005 ) . 1 The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2010, FAO/ WFP Following the logic of the above statements, this survey aims to supply in-depth analysis of nutrient security in SSA in a changing clime, by incorporating socioeconomics factors into scenario analysis. Furthermore, particular accent will be placed on the regional security issues, such as migration and urbanisation, delicate provinces and struggles, refugee crises, HIV/ AIDS. 3. Aims of the Study and Research Questions The survey will near two chief issues. The first aim is to measure the impact of clime alteration on nutrient security. In this regard the research paper will discourse the undermentioned inquiries: – What is the environmental position and future clime conditions in SSA? – Which are the cardinal socio-economic force per unit areas in SSA that should be integrated in the appraisal of clime alteration impact on nutrient security? – What is the impact of clime alteration on nutrient insecurity and hungriness in SSA ( assessed by incorporating future tendencies of socio-economic conditions ) ? The 2nd aim is to place the key policy needs that should be considered in version schemes. In this context, the following set of research inquiries is: – What are the barriers and chances for version in SSA? -Which are the policy needs for nutrient security in the altering clime of SSA? -Which socio-economic and political conditions should be addressed in clime alteration – nutrient security policy models, based on the projections of future tendencies? 4. Sc ientific Methods n order to turn to the first set of research inquiries ( first aim ) , I will utilize he following research methods and instruments. 4.1. Climate Variability and Climate Change in SSA & gt ; Climate variableness – ( I ) calculation of indices for variableness in monthly lower limit and maximal temperature ; monthly rainfall ; ( two ) linear graphs for one-year alterations ; ( three ) arrested development analysis of long term trends2. & gt ; Climate alteration scenarios Tools and method: General Circulation Models utilizing statistical downscaling Model: HadCM3 ( coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation theoretical account ) Datas: extracted from IPCC 2002 Period: 1961-1990 ; 2010-2039 ; 2040-2069 ; 2070-2099 Base-line clime: 1961-1990 ( Fischer, 2005 ) Scenarios: SRES A1F1 and A2 ( â€Å" worst instance † = 1 % CO2 addition per annum ; 855 ppm ) and SRES B1 and A1T ( â€Å" best instance ‘ = 0.5 % CO2 addition per annum ; 560 ppm ) ( e.g. Fisher, 2005 ; AIACC, 2006 ) .The comparing between the two scenarios will turn to the uncertainties3. End product: projected degrees of future CO2 ; precipitation ; temperature The end product from HadCM3 will be fed as an input in IMAGE theoretical account or AEZ theoretical account. Both theoretical accounts provide land-use displacements and harvests fertilisation effects from the informations obtained with HadCM3. 4.2. Food Security Impact Assessment Once the land-use and harvest simulation theoretical accounts are run, the estimated alteration of crop-yields will be fed into IMPACT ( partial-equilibrium theoretical account ) and BLS ( general equilibrium theoretical account ) in order to measure the impact of clime alteration on nutrient security and hazard of hungriness. The interaction between the two theoretical accounts is necessary to capture the drivers for nutrient insecurity in the part. Table 1. outlines how the two theoretical accounts correspond to the socio-economic force per unit areas in the clime alteration – nutrient security impact appraisal analysis. 2, 3 Methodology used by James Adejuwon, 2006. A Concluding Report Submitted to Appraisals of Impacts and Adaptations to Climate Change ( AIACC ) , Project No. AF 23 Table 1. Models specification IMPACT Model BLS Model Partial-equilibrium theoretical account with focal point on agricultural sector, H 2O, nutrient supply and demand. It tends to hold more item than genral equlibium theoretical accounts General equlibrium theoretical accounts take into history the linkages between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The theoretical account represents all economic sectors with through empirical observation estimated parametric quantities. States are linked through trade, universe market monetary values and financies Agricultural productiveness ( exogenic ) Agricultural productiveness and clime ( exogenic ) & gt ; agricultural production and trade ( edogenous ) & gt ; agricultural production and trade ( edogenous ) & gt ; GDP ( exogenic ) ; monetary values and trade ( endogenous ) & gt ; GDP, monetary values and trade ( endogenous ) Allows calculation of per capita KCAL, in peculiar kid malnutrition. Allows calculation of figure of people at hazard of hungriness as a portion of undernourished in the entire population. The per centum of malnourished kids is a map of: mean per c apita Calorie ingestion, female secondary instruction, the quality of maternal and child attention, wellness and sanitation. Thus the theoretical account gaining control broad assortment of societal issues. The estimations are based on: 1 ) SRES scenarios projected income and population degrees and their distribution ; 2 ) ratio of the mean national nutrient supply ( including imports ) Population and GDP ( exogenic ) Population ( exogenic ) ; GDP ( endogenous ) Population projections captures rural-urban kineticss There are regional group theoretical accounts wich capture the economic constructions of a figure of African states by grouping them into: oil exporters, low income nutrient importers and exporters, average income nutrient importers and exporters. 3.2. nutrient entree ( affordability – income, monetary values ; allotment ) 3.3. nutrient use ( nutrition ) 4. Socio-economic factors ( population, GDP ) 1.Model type 3. Food systems constituents captured by the theoreti cal accounts ( endogenous and exogenic variables ) : 3.1.food handiness ( agricultural production, trade, imports ) 2. Climate related drivers The appraisal will be built on multiple plot line attack ( e.g. Fisher, 2005 ) : Figure 1. Multiple storyline attack 4.3. Socio-economic and political force per unit areas analysis – the chief activities which will be conducted are: literature reappraisal, informations aggregation and analysis, arrested development analysis. & gt ; Economic construction of the SSA states – descriptive analysis will be provided & gt ; Population projections in SSA – the survey will show current demographic tendencies and future projections, based on informations extracted from IIASA. The particular accent will be on migration and urbanisation, HIV/ AIDS, every bit good as educational degrees. Climate alteration induced migration will be discussed. This analysis is closely linked to climate alteration – nutrient security analytical m odel, since demographic tendencies are strongly correlated with environment and nutrient security. & gt ; Income distribution and nutrient demand trends – income degrees change the consumers ‘ penchants for nutrient. As good income distribution and inequalities between states have important impact on nutrient demand ( e.g. Cirera and Masset, 2010 ) . Therefore this issue will be addressed, taking into consideration the findings of this survey every bit good as Gini coefficients for the part. & gt ; Poverty degrees and unemployment tendencies – descriptive analysis & gt ; Political stableness – descriptive analysis on past and present struggles ; hazards of new eruptions ; refugee crisis & gt ; Property rights – descriptive analysis of rural economic conditions & gt ; Poor market entree – descriptive analysis of market engagement Current clime variableness, nutrient security and socioeconomic conditions Socio-economic development and nutrient security with clime variableness ( no alteration ) – baseline simulation Socio-economic development and nutrient security with clime alteration ( â€Å" best instance † scenario ) Socio-economic development and nutrient security with clime alteration ( â€Å" worst instance † scenario ) 5. Significance of the survey The chief parts of this thesis are expected to be: – Designation of relevant clime variables, tendencies and projections ( temperature, precipitation, turning season, land-use alterations ) and appraisal of clime alteration impact on harvest outputs – Designation of the cardinal socio-economic factors in the analysis of the impact of clime alteration on nutrient security in the context of SSA – Appraisal of the impact of clime alteration on nutrient security utilizing partialequilibrium and general equilibrium theoretical accounts – Projection and spacial distribution of people at hazard of hungriness in SSA – Appra isal of the socio-economic and political tendencies, closely related to nutrient security and clime alteration – Designation of barriers and chances for version – Designation of the policy needs that rise consciousness, with pertinence in explicating version schemes Figure 2. Applicability of the survey in Adaptation Policy Frameworks Adaptation Policy Frameworks ( APF ) for Climate Change ( Developed by UNDP ) 1. Scoping and planing an version undertaking 2. Measuring current exposure: Current clime hazards ; Socio-economic conditions ; Adaptation baseline ; Climate change exposure 3. Measuring future clime hazards: Climate tendencies ; Socio-economic tendencies ; Natural resource and environment tendencies ; Adaptation barriers and chances 4. Explicating an Adaptation Strategy 5. Monitoring and Evaluation Policy Development Integrated Assessment Applicability of the survey 6. Restrictions and Uncertainties There are three types of restrictions and uncertainnesss in i ncorporate assessment – proficient ( â€Å" quality of informations available † ) , methodological ( â€Å" deficiency of sufficient cognition to make an equal theoretical account † ) and epistemic ( e.g. human behaviour, entropy of nature ) ( Reilly and Willenbockel, 2010 ) . The survey will foreground those uncertainnesss and will utilize multiple plot line attack in order to turn to them. Bibliography: Adejuwon J. 2006 Food Security, Climate Variability and Climate Change in Sub Saharan West Africa. Final Report Submitted to Appraisals of Impacts and Adaptations to Climate Change ( AIACC ) , Project No. AF 23. Betts R. 2005 Integrated attacks to climate-crop modeling: demands and challenges. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2005 360, 2049-2065. Betts R. , Gornall J. , Burke E. , Clark R. , Camp J, Willett K. & A ; Wiltshire A. 2010 Implications of clime alteration for agricultural productiveness in the early 21st century. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2010 365, 2973-2989. Bou wman A. , Kram T. & A ; Goldewijk K. 2006 Integrated modeling of planetary environmental alteration: An overview of IMAGE 2.4. Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency ( MNP ) , Bilthoven, October 2006. MNP publication figure 500110002/2006. Challinor, A. J. , Ewert, F. , Arnold, S. , Simelton, E. & A ; Fraser, E. 2009 Crops and climate alteration: advancement, tendencies, and challenges in imitating impacts and informing version. J. Exp. Bot. 60, 2775-2789. Challinor, A. J. , Thornton P. , Jones P. & A ; Eriksen P. 2011 Agriculture and nutrient systems in sub-Saharan Africa in a 4 A °C+ universe. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2011 369, 117-136. Challinor, A. J. , Wheeler, T. , Garforth, C. , Craufurd, P. & A ; Kassam, A. 2007 Measuring the exposure of nutrient harvest systems in Africa to climate alteration. Clim. Change 83, 381-399. Cirera X. & A ; Masset E. 2010. Income distribution tendencies and future nutrient demand. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2010 365, 2821-2834. FAO. 2009 Climate Change and Food Security. A Framework Document ( www.fao.org/forestry/15538-079b31d45081fe9c3dbc6ff34de4807e4.pdf ) . FAO/ WFP 2010 The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2010, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fischer G, new wave Velthuizen, H. , Shah, M. & A ; Tubiello F. 2005, Socio-economic and climate alteration impacts on agribusiness: an incorporate appraisal, 1990 -2080 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2005 360, 2067-2083. Fischer, G. , Frohberg, K. , Keyzer, M. A. & A ; Parikh, K. S. 1988 Linked national theoretical accounts: a tool for international policy analysis. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic. Fischer, G. , Shah, M. , & A ; van Velthuizen, H. 2002b Climate Change and Agricultural Vulnerability, Special Report to the UN World Summit on Sustainable Development. Johannesburg 2002. Laxenburg, Austria: IIASA. IEG World Bank. 2007 Disasters, Climate Change, and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons and Future Directions. Evaluation Brief 3. IFPRI. 2008 International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade ( IMPACT ) : Model Description. Ingram J. , Gregory P. & A ; Brklacich M. 2005 Climate alteration and nutrient security. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2005 360, 2139-2148. IPCC 2000 Summary for policymakers, emanations scenarios. A Particular Report of IPCC Working Group III, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. utz W. Samir KC. 2010 Dimensions of planetary population projections: what do we cognize about future population tendencies and constructions? Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2010 365, 2779- 2791. Parry M. , Rosenzweig C. & A ; Livermore M. 2005, Climate alteration, planetary nutrient supply and hazard of hungriness. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2005 360, 2125-2138. Parry, M. L. , Rosenzweig, C. , Iglesias, A. , Livermore, M. & A ; Fischer, G. 2004 Effects of clime alteration on planetary nutrient production under SRES emanations and socio-economic s cenarios. Global Environ. Change 14, 53-67. Raleigh C. , Jordan L. and Salehyan I. Measuring the Impact of Climate Change on Migration and Conflict. The World Bank Group. Reilly M. & A ; Willenbockel D. 2010 Managing uncertainness: a reappraisal of nutrient system scenario analysis and mold. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2010 365, 3049-3063. Satterthwaite D. , McGranahan G. & A ; Tacoli C. 2010 Urbanization and its deductions for nutrient and agriculture. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2010 365, 2809-2820. Scholes, R. J. & A ; Biggs, R. 2004 Ecosystem services in Southern Africa: a regional appraisal. Pretoria, South Africa: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. Stern N. 2006 Stern Review on the Economicss of Climate Change. Prepared for HM Treasury, Cabinet Office. UNDP, Adaptation Policy Frameworks for Climate Change. ( available at: www.undp.org/climatechange/adapt/apf.html )

Unit Assign

As of now Maryland and New York are the sole two states that are using such a database, however only a small amount of fire arms have been recorded so far which is seriously impeding the possibilities and achievements one could get out of such a system. Paul Evans, Boson's police commissioner was quoted at a news conference stating â€Å"We think it would be a great law enforcement tool. † Evans said. While hoping for a bill to pass that would subject all fire arms sold state wide to be recorded in a database.Case and point being when law enforcement run tests on seized fire arms more likely than not they find that numerous crimes across efferent cities in one State can be linked to one fire arm that may have been sold or passed around sort of speak. This technology was first introduced by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms in 1 995, which was called the National Integrated Ballistic Information Network, allowing law enforcement the ability to match shell casings and bullets found at crime scenes to the exact fire arm that ejected or expended said rounds.Summary Every barrel on a fire arm leaves unique scarring or markings on bullets or ejected shell casings that have been fired. These specific markings are much like human finger prints allowing law enforcement to make a match that is detrimental in solving and in turn preventing crime. The Massachusetts bill would require that gun makers shipping firearms into the state for sale a test- fired bullet and shell casing would come with it. The Massachusetts State Police would then record them as electronic images for storage in a computer.Evans expected a large amount of resistance from gun owners for requiring such a large national gun registry causing law abiding citizens who wan fire arms to feel as if they were being looked upon as criminals. Although this database would be quite small due to only recording new fire arms, Evans was quoted saying â€Å"We have to start somewhere. † A bill along the same lines is being introduced in Connecticut by state Representative Michael Lealer, and D-East Haven. State Senator Jack Scott, D-Pasadena, of California is also planning to introduce a like bill although Lealer is expecting a large amount of support.

MANAGING BUSINESS OPERATIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

MANAGING BUSINESS OPERATIONS - Essay Example Public stakeholders who consist of area residents, local entrepreneurs, and foreigners touring the area in question are some of the many stakeholders drawn in with issues affecting the Olympic Games. Other major stakeholders include the government, sports and tourism organizations, volunteer organizations, and the Organizing committee for the Olympic Games. Officials from each host city strive to host the best games possible, envisioning the longevity of positive impacts. Mega sporting events such as the Olympics, Paralympics and the FIFA World Cup have significant potential to leave a social, economic and infrastructure legacy for the host community and country (Coward, & Konstantinidis, 25). In fact, the events are often marketed on this basis. The potential legacies are recognized in the charters of both the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympics Committee (Dickson, Edwards, Darcy, Benson, & Blackman, 34). Operational management was a huge part of prepar ing for the Olympics (Nick 4). All characteristics of project management including performance time and costs were to be analyzed and properly executed. It is important for a logistics person to keep in mind having time to plan, good communications, careful tracking and control, meeting the deadline and meeting goals (Richard 12). Risk management was also a big part of the management issues. Risks can stem from the area of security, public health, technology, economics or natural ecology (Chopra, Deshmukh, Mieghem, Zemel & Anupindi, 55). In the run up to the Olympics, ensuring readiness for games involved strategic pre emption through stress testing and scenario planning (Seguin, & O’Reilly 12). UPS Operations Strategies Operations strategies provide an overall direction that serves the framework for carrying out all actions in an organization. It shapes up the long term capabilities of any type of operations and contributes to the overall strategy by bringing together market requirements and operations resources. It is an instrument which helps in defining the processes of producing goods or services offered to customer (Chase, Jacobs & Aquilano 108). UPS Values include integrity, teamwork, service, quality and efficiency, safety, sustainability, and innovation (Deepa 8). The company aims at growing worldwide business by offering excellence and value in all that they do and by meeting all the logistics needs of their customers. The company maintains strong finances and broad employee ownership; this leads to a long-term competitive return to the share owners. UPS aims at Inspiring by offering chances to individuals and business partners to do their best, for personal development and success (Greg 3). They lead by example as a caring, responsible and sustainable organization developing the society they serve. UPS Enterprise Strategy UPS strategy is based on Creation of value for customers (Lambert , Miriam &Â  Susan 3) - This is through demonstrating h ow the power of logistics can create a competitive advantage for our customers. By offering products and services, that expands customers’ access to global markets. It can also be done through configuring a broad portfolio of solutions for targeted industries. And finally, by offering industry-leading technology that simplifies and improves customers' business processes (Jesse &Â  Ronald 7). The Company also wants to continually transform to strengthen its leadership position. UPS aims at delivering an exceptional customer

WORLDVIEW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

WORLDVIEW - Essay Example The book of Timothy says God was pleased with His work. The question of identity is concerned with â€Å"Who am I?† The book of Genesis says that we are created by God in his own image and likeness (Weider & Guiterrez, 2011). God also calls Himself Almighty in the book of Genesis 17. As such we are His subjects are dignified since we are created in God’s image though all of us have sinned and fallen short of glory. Why do we exist? People often ask themselves this question at various stages of their lives especially when faced with difficulties. The main purpose of our creation is to glorify God (Sire, 2004). In the book of Genesis after man had sinned against God, He instructed man to till the land, multiply and fill the earth and worship Him. Morality entails what is right or wrong. Christians believe that there is an objective moral law based on the nature of God. The bible teaches that Jesus is the only way, the truth and the life and no one goes to the Father except through Him hence we must obey him. He has also given men moral conscience to discern right and wrong. The biblical worldview of destiny is that there is life after death (Weider & Guiterrez, 2011). Death is certain and the only way to have eternal life is through Jesus Christ who died on the cross and resurrected. Whoever believes in Him shall have eternal life. Judgment awaits us after death for things done in this life. It influences the way we think about, treat, and speak to others on a daily basis in the belief that our actions after death will be judged based on things we do in this life. We are also all equal before God since we are created in His image hence we treat each other with respect. It also affects how we treat the environment and non-human creations. Everything was created by God and man was put in charge of the rest of the creation hence should look after it. We were also given a moral conscience to decide what is right or wrong unlike other

Burma Pipeline Case Study Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Burma Pipeline Analysis - Case Study Example Currently, there has not been a legal judgment as to whether or not the company is guilty to any of the perceptions held by accusers. The company has also not come to that stage yet where it has proved beyond reasonable doubt to its accusers that it is innocent. It is some of these factors and form of the current situation that make it nothing more than a controversy. But there remain some key implications that the company might have to deal with for now. Example of this is the possibility that the company will soon be engaged in series of legal battles as there has been a governmental perspective taken on all these controversies. Stakeholders of the Organization The problem and case of controversy that the company is dealing with right now has greatly affected the important players and for that matter stakeholders involved in the company. It would be noticed that the role of stakeholders of any given organization is not a static and robust position that cannot be changed (Cairns, 20 09). Depending on events and happening in a particular company, the stakeholders keep changing. Presently, there are four major stakeholders that can be identified with the company. These are government, the community, financiers and managers/employees of the company. The governments of Burma and United States have become key stakeholders in the company as certain key decisions to be taken by these governments can affect the company in a great deal of ways. For instance, as a shareholder in the company, the government of Burma has a lot of stake in terms of the macro economic policies that are put in place and how these policies affect Unocal (Harvard college, 2000 p. 2). The government of the United States has also become a stakeholder by virtue of the fact that the government holds a firm on all the controversies that are going on. The community, which sees itself as denied benefactor of the company is also a stakeholder. This is because it is for these people that the company wor ks for and it is these people the company expects to patronize their products. The community therefore has a lot of stake in deciding the trend of revenue of the company. Financiers such as shareholders also have a lot of stake in funding the company. Managers and employees also have a stake in ensuring the corporate running of the company is done in a manner that ensures growth and development. Other target groups of the organization Given the present controversy surrounding the company, it could be said that all clients and outsourcers of the company should be considered as important target groups whose actions and decisions would affect the company greatly. The clients of the company must be concertized to come to accept and agree to the present reforms that are being suggested by the company. Though a lot of these reforms would initially come with some level of challenge to clients and perhaps denied them of some initial benefits, it is important that the clients will be made to appreciate the reforms as long term strategies that come with future benefits that will be of importance to not just the company but to the clients as well (Lewis and Heckman, 2006). If this concretization is not done, there is a very high probability that several clients of the company will leave the company in this crisis time that the company needs them most. The role of management and production team Management is expected to be a pool of strategic